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1"""A Python driver for PostgreSQL 

2 

3psycopg is a PostgreSQL_ database adapter for the Python_ programming 

4language. This is version 2, a complete rewrite of the original code to 

5provide new-style classes for connection and cursor objects and other sweet 

6candies. Like the original, psycopg 2 was written with the aim of being very 

7small and fast, and stable as a rock. 

8 

9Homepage: https://psycopg.org/ 

10 

11.. _PostgreSQL: https://www.postgresql.org/ 

12.. _Python: https://www.python.org/ 

13 

14:Groups: 

15 * `Connections creation`: connect 

16 * `Value objects constructors`: Binary, Date, DateFromTicks, Time, 

17 TimeFromTicks, Timestamp, TimestampFromTicks 

18""" 

19# psycopg/__init__.py - initialization of the psycopg module 

20# 

21# Copyright (C) 2003-2019 Federico Di Gregorio <fog@debian.org> 

22# Copyright (C) 2020-2021 The Psycopg Team 

23# 

24# psycopg2 is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it 

25# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published 

26# by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or 

27# (at your option) any later version. 

28# 

29# In addition, as a special exception, the copyright holders give 

30# permission to link this program with the OpenSSL library (or with 

31# modified versions of OpenSSL that use the same license as OpenSSL), 

32# and distribute linked combinations including the two. 

33# 

34# You must obey the GNU Lesser General Public License in all respects for 

35# all of the code used other than OpenSSL. 

36# 

37# psycopg2 is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT 

38# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or 

39# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public 

40# License for more details. 

41 

42# Import modules needed by _psycopg to allow tools like py2exe to do 

43# their work without bothering about the module dependencies. 

44 

45# Note: the first internal import should be _psycopg, otherwise the real cause 

46# of a failed loading of the C module may get hidden, see 

47# https://archives.postgresql.org/psycopg/2011-02/msg00044.php 

48 

49# Import the DBAPI-2.0 stuff into top-level module. 

50 

51from psycopg2._psycopg import ( # noqa 

52 BINARY, NUMBER, STRING, DATETIME, ROWID, 

53 

54 Binary, Date, Time, Timestamp, 

55 DateFromTicks, TimeFromTicks, TimestampFromTicks, 

56 

57 Error, Warning, DataError, DatabaseError, ProgrammingError, IntegrityError, 

58 InterfaceError, InternalError, NotSupportedError, OperationalError, 

59 

60 _connect, apilevel, threadsafety, paramstyle, 

61 __version__, __libpq_version__, 

62) 

63 

64 

65# Register default adapters. 

66 

67from psycopg2 import extensions as _ext 

68_ext.register_adapter(tuple, _ext.SQL_IN) 

69_ext.register_adapter(type(None), _ext.NoneAdapter) 

70 

71# Register the Decimal adapter here instead of in the C layer. 

72# This way a new class is registered for each sub-interpreter. 

73# See ticket #52 

74from decimal import Decimal # noqa 

75from psycopg2._psycopg import Decimal as Adapter # noqa 

76_ext.register_adapter(Decimal, Adapter) 

77del Decimal, Adapter 

78 

79 

80def connect(dsn=None, connection_factory=None, cursor_factory=None, **kwargs): 

81 """ 

82 Create a new database connection. 

83 

84 The connection parameters can be specified as a string: 

85 

86 conn = psycopg2.connect("dbname=test user=postgres password=secret") 

87 

88 or using a set of keyword arguments: 

89 

90 conn = psycopg2.connect(database="test", user="postgres", password="secret") 

91 

92 Or as a mix of both. The basic connection parameters are: 

93 

94 - *dbname*: the database name 

95 - *database*: the database name (only as keyword argument) 

96 - *user*: user name used to authenticate 

97 - *password*: password used to authenticate 

98 - *host*: database host address (defaults to UNIX socket if not provided) 

99 - *port*: connection port number (defaults to 5432 if not provided) 

100 

101 Using the *connection_factory* parameter a different class or connections 

102 factory can be specified. It should be a callable object taking a dsn 

103 argument. 

104 

105 Using the *cursor_factory* parameter, a new default cursor factory will be 

106 used by cursor(). 

107 

108 Using *async*=True an asynchronous connection will be created. *async_* is 

109 a valid alias (for Python versions where ``async`` is a keyword). 

110 

111 Any other keyword parameter will be passed to the underlying client 

112 library: the list of supported parameters depends on the library version. 

113 

114 """ 

115 kwasync = {} 

116 if 'async' in kwargs: 116 ↛ 117line 116 didn't jump to line 117, because the condition on line 116 was never true

117 kwasync['async'] = kwargs.pop('async') 

118 if 'async_' in kwargs: 118 ↛ 119line 118 didn't jump to line 119, because the condition on line 118 was never true

119 kwasync['async_'] = kwargs.pop('async_') 

120 

121 dsn = _ext.make_dsn(dsn, **kwargs) 

122 conn = _connect(dsn, connection_factory=connection_factory, **kwasync) 

123 if cursor_factory is not None: 123 ↛ 124line 123 didn't jump to line 124, because the condition on line 123 was never true

124 conn.cursor_factory = cursor_factory 

125 

126 return conn